If periodontitis is not treated early enough, it may cause gingival recession and bone loss in the jaw; the tooth will loosen and, in the worst case, be lost.
1. Plaque accumulates on the tooth at the gingival margin. The gum becomes inflamed; it bleeds:
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| Mild gingivitis caused by plaque and tartar formation |
2. The gingival margin is losing attachment to the tooth, bacteria are multiplying, plaque is adhering to the tartar; the surrounding bone atrophies:
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| Severe gingivitis and inflammation of the periodontium (periodontitis) |
3. The gum recedes. Jaw bone and tooth fibers continue to atrophy, the tooth loosens and may fall out:
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| Massive inflammation and atrophy of the periodontium |
What are the risks of periodontitis?
Does periodontitis have adverse effects on the heart?
Studies show that chronic inflammation may promote cardiovascular disease as periodontal bacteria do not remain restricted to the oral cavity. Bacteria and their toxins can enter the bloodstream from the tooth socket and endanger the rest of the body. Once in the bloodstream, the immune system is mobilized and tries to neutralize the bacteria. If the inflammation is not treated, the immune cells remain active. People suffering from periodontitis may therefore be at a higher risk of cardiovascular diseases, such as heart attacks and stroke.
